{"id":17760,"date":"2025-03-14T09:30:10","date_gmt":"2025-03-14T00:30:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/?p=17760"},"modified":"2025-04-09T17:31:49","modified_gmt":"2025-04-09T08:31:49","slug":"%ec%8b%ac%ec%b8%b5-%eb%b6%84%ec%84%9d-%ed%8a%b8%eb%9f%bc%ed%94%84-%ea%b4%80%ec%84%b8-%ec%a0%95%ec%b1%85%ec%97%90-%eb%94%b0%eb%a5%b8-fca%ec%97%b0%eb%b0%a9%ed%97%88%ec%9c%84%ec%b2%ad%ea%b5%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/?p=17760","title":{"rendered":"[\uc2ec\uce35 \ubd84\uc11d] \ud2b8\ub7fc\ud504 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 FCA(\uc5f0\ubc29\ud5c8\uc704\uccad\uad6c\ubc95) \ud65c\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\ud2b8\ub7fc\ud504 \ud589\uc815\ubd80 2\uae30\uac00 \ucd9c\ubc94\ud55c \uc774\ud6c4 \uad00\uc138(Tariff)\uac00 \ud589\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc815\ucc45 \ub3c4\uad6c\uac00 \ub420 \uac83\uc784\uc774 \ubd84\uba85\ud574\uc84c\uc74c. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uc774 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ubc1c\ud718\ud558\ub824\uba74, \ubbf8\uad6d \uc138\uad00\uad6d\uacbd\ubcf4\ud638\uad6d(U.S. Customs and Border Protection, CBP)\uc774 \uc774\ub97c \uc801\uc808\ud788 \uc9d1\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc9d5\uc218\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\ubc29 \ud5c8\uc704\uccad\uad6c\ubc95(False Claims Act, FCA)\uc774 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc9d1\ud589 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc2e0\uc784 \ubc95\ubb34\uc7a5\uad00 \ud338 \ubcf8\ub514(Pam Bondi)\ub294 \uc0c1\uc6d0 \uc778\uc900 \uccad\ubb38\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c FCA\ub97c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubc95\uc801 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c \ud3c9\uac00\ud588\uace0, \ud2b8\ub7fc\ud504 \ub300\ud1b5\ub839\uc758 \ud589\uc815\uba85\ub839 &#8216;\ubd88\ubc95 \ucc28\ubcc4 \uc885\uc2dd \ubc0f \uc131\uacfc \uae30\ubc18 \uae30\ud68c \ud68c\ubcf5(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/01\/ending-illegal-discrimination-and-restoring-merit-based-opportunity\/\">Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity<\/a>)&#8217; \uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc5f0\ubc29 \uae30\uad00\uc774 \uacc4\uc57d \ubc0f \ubcf4\uc870\uae08 \uc870\ud56d\uc5d0 FCA \uad00\ub828 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc9c0\uc2dc\ud588\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc815\ucc45 \ud750\ub984\uc740 FCA\uac00 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc9d1\ud589\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc801\uadf9 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uac83\uc784\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud558\uba70, FCA\uac00 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c(evasion)\ub97c \ub2e8\uc18d\ud558\ub294 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub85c \uc791\uc6a9\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc74c.<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\ud604\ud589 \uad00\uc138\ubc95 \uc9d1\ud589 \uac1c\uc694<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>\uad00\uc138\ubc95(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/uscode\/text\/19\/chapter-4\">Tariff Act of 1930<\/a>) \uc81c592\uc870<\/strong> \uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c, \ubbf8\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\uc785\ub418\ub294 \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uc218\uc785\uc790\ub294 \uc815\ud655\ud558\uace0 \uc815\uc9c1\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uace0, \ud5c8\uc704 \uc9c4\uc220 \ub610\ub294 \uc911\uc694 \uc815\ubcf4 \ub204\ub77d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0c1\ud488\uc744 \uc218\uc785\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc704\ub294 \uae08\uc9c0\ub428.<\/p>\n<p>\uc138\uad00\uad6d\uacbd\ubcf4\ud638\uad6d(Customs and Border Protection, CBP)\uc740 \uace0\uc758\uc801\uc778 \uc704\ubc18, \uacfc\uc2e4(negligence) \ub610\ub294 \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uacfc\uc2e4(gross negligence) \uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc704\ubc18 \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ucc98\ubc8c\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc81c592\uc870 \uc704\ubc18 \uc2dc \ucc98\ubc8c \uc218\uc900<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc0ac\uae30\uc131(fraudulent) \uc704\ubc18: \uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uad6d\ub0b4 \uc2dc\uc7a5 \uac00\uce58\ub9cc\ud07c\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uacfc\uc2e4(gross negligence) \ub610\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c \uacfc\uc2e4(negligence): <strong>\ubbf8\ub0a9 \uc138\uc561\uc758 2~4\ubc30 \ub610\ub294 \uc0c1\ud488 \uac00\uce58 \uc911 \ub354 \uc801\uc740 \uae08\uc561\uc758 \ubc8c\uae08<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; CBP\ub294 \ubbf8\ub0a9 \uc138\uc561 \ub0a9\ubd80\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ub85c \uc694\uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc5f0\ubc29\uc815\ubd80(\ubc95\ubb34\ubd80)\ub294 \uc81c592\uc870\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ubc8c\uae08 \uc9d5\uc218\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \ub3c5\uc810\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uc18c \uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \uae30\uc790\uace0, \uad00\ub828 \ubbfc\uc0ac \uc18c\uc1a1\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d \uad6d\uc81c\ubb34\uc5ed\ubc95\uc6d0(CIT) \uc774 \ub2e8\ub3c5 \uad00\ud560\uad8c\uc744 \uac00\uc9d0.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\uc5f0\ubc29 \ud5c8\uc704 \uccad\uad6c\ubc95(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.law.cornell.edu\/wex\/false_claims_act\">FCA<\/a>) \uac1c\uc694<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\ud5c8\uc704 \uccad\uad6c\ubc95(FCA) \uc740 \uc5f0\ubc29 \uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc0ac\uae30 \ud589\uc704\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 \ubc95\ub960\ub85c, \uae30\uc5c5\uc774 \uc815\ubd80\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uc9c0\ubd88\uc744 \ubc1b\uac70\ub098 \uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae09\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uae08\uc561\uc744 \uace0\uc758\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud68c\ud53c\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0(\uc5ed\ud5c8\uc704\uccad\uad6c, reverse false claim-\uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc9c0\uae09\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uae08\uc561\uc744 \ud5c8\uc704\ub85c \uc904\uc774\uac70\ub098 \uc544\uc608 \ub0b4\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0)\uc5d0 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc81c\uc7ac\ub97c \uac00\ud558\ub294 \ubc95\uc784.<\/p>\n<p><strong>FCA \uc704\ubc18 \uc2dc \ucc98\ubc8c<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ubbfc\uc0ac \ubc8c\uae08: <strong>\uc190\ud574\uc561\uc758 3\ubc30 (triple damages)<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790 \ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08: FCA \uc18c\uc1a1\uc740 \ubc95\ubb34\ubd80 \ub610\ub294 \ubbfc\uac04 \ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790(qui tam relator) \uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \uc81c\uae30\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uace0, \ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790\ub294 <strong>\ucd5c\ub300 30%\uc758 \ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08<\/strong> \uc744 \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>*\ud034 \ud0d0(qui tam) \uc18c\uc1a1: \ubbfc\uac04 \uac1c\uc778(\ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790, relator) \uc774 \uc815\ubd80\ub97c \ub300\uc2e0\ud574 FCA \uc704\ubc18\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8. \uc774\ub54c \ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790\ub294 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 \uc785\uc740 \uc190\uc2e4\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80(\ucd5c\ub300 30%)\ub97c \ubcf4\uc0c1\uae08\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uad8c\ub9ac\ub97c \uac00\uc9d0.<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\uc758\ub8cc \uc0ac\uae30 (Medicare \ubc0f Medicaid \ud5c8\uc704 \uccad\uad6c): \ubcd1\uc6d0, \uc81c\uc57d\ud68c\uc0ac, \uc758\ub8cc\uae30\uad00 \ub4f1\uc774 \uc815\ubd80 \uc758\ub8cc\ubcf4\ud5d8\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uc545\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubd80\ub2f9\ud55c \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>\uad6d\ubc29 \uacc4\uc57d \uc0ac\uae30 (Defense Contracting Fraud)<\/em><br \/>\n<em>\uad6d\ubc29\ubd80(DoD)\uc640 \uacc4\uc57d\ud55c \uae30\uc5c5\uc774 \ubd88\ub7c9 \uc7a5\ube44\ub97c \uacf5\uae09\ud558\uac70\ub098, \uacc4\uc57d \uae08\uc561\uc744 \ubd80\ud480\ub9ac\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>\uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c \ubc0f \ubb34\uc5ed \uc0ac\uae30 (Customs Fraud &amp; Trade Fraud)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong style=\"font-family: Verdana, BlinkMacSystemFont, -apple-system, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, Oxygen, Ubuntu, Cantarell, 'Open Sans', 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif;\">FCA\uc640 CBP \uad00\uc138 \uc9d1\ud589\uc758 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.internationaltradeinsights.com\/2025\/03\/fca-enforcement-may-increase-in-a-tariff-focused-trade-policy-regime\/\">\uc5f0\uad00\uc131<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong>1. \uc218\uc785 \uc2e0\uace0 \uc808\ucc28(Form 7501)\uc640 FCA \uc801\uc6a9 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131<\/strong><br \/>\n\ud1b5\uad00\uc2dc \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc218\uc785\uc5c5\uc790\ub294 Form 7501(\uc218\uc785 \uc2e0\uace0\uc11c, Entry Summary Form)\ub97c \uc81c\ucd9c\ud558\ub294\ub370, \uc774\ub294 CBP\uac00 \ub2e4\uc74c \uc0ac\ud56d\uc758 \uc815\ud655\uc131\uc744 \uac80\uc99d\ud558\ub294 \uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \ubc29\uc5b4\uc120 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ub2f4\ub2f9.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc6d0\uc0b0\uc9c0(country of origin)<\/li>\n<li>\uc218\ucd9c\uad6d(exporting country)<\/li>\n<li>\uc81c\uc870\uc5c5\uccb4 \uba85\uce6d(manufacturer name)<\/li>\n<li>\uc0c1\ud488\uc758 \uc0c1\uc5c5\uc801 \uac00\uce58(commercial value)<\/li>\n<li>\ud488\ubaa9 \ubd84\ub958(classification of goods)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc218\uc785\uc5c5\uc790(\ub610\ub294 \ub300\ub9ac\uc778)\ub294 Form 7501\uc5d0 \uc11c\uba85\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc81c\uacf5\ub41c \uc815\ubcf4\uac00 \uc0ac\uc2e4\uc784\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uc758\ubb34\uac00 \uc788\uc74c. \ubd80\uc815\ud655\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4 \uc81c\uacf5\uc740 19 U.S.C. \u00a71592(c) \uc704\ubc18\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud574, CBP\ub294 \uacfc\uc2e4(negligence), \uc911\ub300\ud55c \uacfc\uc2e4(gross negligence), \ub610\ub294 \uc0ac\uae30(fraud) \uc5ec\ubd80\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubc8c\uae08\uc744 \ubd80\uacfc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_17766\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-17766\" style=\"width: 430px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-17766 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/7501.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"430\" height=\"283\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/7501.png 760w, https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/7501-300x197.png 300w, https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/7501-150x99.png 150w, https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/7501-696x458.png 696w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 430px) 100vw, 430px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-17766\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Form 7501\/\uad6d\ud1a0\uc548\ubcf4\ubd80 \ud398\uc774\uc9c0 \ucea1\uccd0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>2. FCA\uc640 \uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c(evasion) \ub2e8\uc18d<\/strong><br \/>\n\uad00\uc138\uac00 \uc624\ub974\uba74 \uc815\ubd80\uac00 &#8216;\ud68c\ud53c&#8217;\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc9d0.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\uba85\ubc31\ud55c \uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c \ud589\uc704<br \/>\n<\/strong>&#8211; \uc0c1\ud488 \ub77c\ubca8 \uc704\uc870 (mislabeling goods)<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc81c3\uad6d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uc6d0\uc0b0\uc9c0 \uc704\uc7a5(\uad6d\uacbd \ud658\uc801, transshipment)<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc0c1\ud488 \ubd84\ub958 \uc870\uc791(\ubd88\ubc95\uc801\uc778 HS \ucf54\ub4dc \ubcc0\uacbd)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uc560\ub9e4\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840<\/strong><br \/>\n&#8211; \ud2b9\uc815 \uc81c\ud488\uc774 \uad00\uc138 \ub300\uc0c1\uc778\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\uac00 \ubd88\ubd84\uba85\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc6d0\uc0b0\uc9c0 \ud310\uc815\uc774 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>CBP\ub294 \uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c\ub97c \ubc29\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ucd5c\uc6b0\uc120 \uacfc\uc81c\ub85c \uc0bc\uace0 \uc788\uc5b4, \uc218\uc785\uc5c5\uc790\uac00 \uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud558\ub294 \uc11c\ub958\uc5d0\uc11c &#8216;<strong>\ud5c8\uc704 \uc9c4\uc220<\/strong>&#8216;\uc744 \ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0 FCA \ucc45\uc784\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\ud5c8\uc704 \uc9c4\uc220\uc758 \uc885\ub958<br \/>\n<\/strong>&#8211; \uace0\uc758\ub85c \ud5c8\uc704 \uc9c4\uc220\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0(actual knowledge of falsity)<br \/>\n&#8211; \uc9c4\uc2e4 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ubb34\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0(deliberate ignorance)<br \/>\n&#8211; \ubb34\ubaa8\ud558\uac8c \uac70\uc9d3 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0(reckless disregard of falsity)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud589\uc704\ub294 FCA \uc18c\uc1a1\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>FCA \uc9d1\ud589 \uc99d\uac00 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131 \ubc0f \ubc95\uc801 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wilmerhale.com\/en\/insights\/client-alerts\/20250310-as-tariffs-increase-so-too-may-the-use-of-false-claims-actions-to-pursue-customs-fraud\">\ub9ac\uc2a4\ud06c<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n<p><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong>FCA\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ubbfc\uc0ac \uc18c\uc1a1\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \ub9c9\ub300\ud55c \uc870\uc0ac(investigation) \ubc0f \uc18c\uc1a1 \ube44\uc6a9(litigation cost) \uc744 \uc218\ubc18\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc5d0\uac8c \ubc95\uc801, \uc7ac\uc815\uc801 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud070 \uc720\ud615\uc758 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc73c\ub85c \uac04\uc8fc\ub428.<\/p>\n<p>\ud2b9\ud788, FCA \uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uae30\uc5c5\uc774 \uc815\ubd80\ub97c \uc18d\uc774\ub824\ub294 \uba85\ud655\ud55c \uc758\ub3c4\uac00 \uc785\uc99d\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544\ub3c4, <strong>\ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ube44\uc900\uc218(noncompliance)\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ud328\uc18c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc704\ud5d8\uc131<\/strong>\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568.<\/p>\n<p>\ub610\ud55c, \uc0c1\ub300\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud611\uc0c1\uc758 \uc5ec\uc9c0\uac00 \ub9ce\uc740 \uae30\uc874\uc758 \ubbfc\uc0ac \ucc98\ubc8c(\uad00\uc138\ubc95 \uc81c592\uc870 \uc704\ubc18)\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574, FCA \uc18c\uc1a1\uc740 \ub354\uc6b1 <strong>\ubc95\uc6d0 \uc911\uc2ec\uc801\uc778(judicially focused) \uc131\uaca9<\/strong>\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\ubbc0\ub85c, FCA \uc18c\uc1a1\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc138\uad00\ubc95 \uc704\ubc18\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub300\uc751\ud558\uae30 \ud6e8\uc52c \uc5b4\ub835\uace0, \ube44\uc6a9 \ubd80\ub2f4\ub3c4 \ud074 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc74c<\/p>\n<h4><strong><br \/>\n\uc8fc\ubaa9\ud560 \ub9cc\ud55c \uc0ac\ub840: \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc \uc778\ub354\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac \ub300 \uc2dc\uadf8\ub9c8 \uc0ac\uac74<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\ud604\uc7ac \ubbf8\uad6d \uc81c9\uc21c\ud68c \ud56d\uc18c\ubc95\uc6d0(Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals)\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c4\ud589 \uc911\uc778 \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc \uc778\ub354\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac \ub300 \uc2dc\uadf8\ub9c8 (<a href=\"https:\/\/law.justia.com\/cases\/federal\/appellate-courts\/ca6\/23-5200\/23-5200-2024-02-29.html\">Island Industries v. Sigma Corp.<\/a>)\uc0ac\uac74\uc740 FCA \ubc0f \uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c \uad00\ub828 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ud310\ub840\uac00 \ub420 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\uac1c\uc694<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790(relator)\uc778 \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc \uc778\ub354\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\ub294 \uacbd\uc7c1\uc5c5\uccb4\uc778 \uc2dc\uadf8\ub9c8\ub97c \uc0c1\ub300\ub85c \uc5ed\ud5c8\uc704\uccad\uad6c(reverse false claims) \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud588\uc74c. \uc544\uc77c\ub79c\ub4dc \uc778\ub354\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub9ac\ub294 \uc2dc\uadf8\ub9c8\uac00 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc815\ubd80\uc5d0 \uc81c\ucd9c\ud55c \uc11c\ub958\uc5d0\uc11c \ud5c8\uc704 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uae30\uc7ac\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368, \uc218\uc785\ub41c \ubc30\uad00 \uc790\uc7ac(pipe materials)\uc5d0 \ubd80\uacfc\ub41c \ubc18\ub364\ud551 \uad00\uc138 \ub0a9\ubd80 \uc758\ubb34\ub97c \ud68c\ud53c\ud588\ub2e4\uace0 \uc8fc\uc7a5\ud588\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\ubbf8\uad6d \uce98\ub9ac\ud3ec\ub2c8\uc544 \uc911\ubd80\uc9c0\ubc29\ubc95\uc6d0(U.S. District Court for the Central District of California) \ubc30\uc2ec\uc6d0 \uc7ac\ud310\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uadf8\ub9c8\ub294 \uc720\uc8c4 \ud310\uacb0\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc73c\uba70, 8\ubc31\ub9cc \ub2ec\ub7ec(\uc57d 116\uc5b5\uc6d0) \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc758 \uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c \ud610\uc758\ub85c \uc778\ud574 \ucd1d 2600\ub9cc \ub2ec\ub7ec (\uc57d 377\uc5b5\uc6d0) \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \uc190\ud574\ubc30\uc0c1 \ubc0f \ubc8c\uae08 \uc9c0\uae09 \uba85\ub839\uc744 \ubc1b\uc558\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc2dc\uadf8\ub9c8\ub294 \ud310\uacb0\uc5d0 \ubd88\ubcf5\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c9\uc21c\ud68c\ud56d\uc18c\ubc95\uc6d0\uc5d0 \ud56d\uc18c\ud588\uace0, \ud604\uc7ac \ud56d\uc18c\uc2ec\uc774 \uc9c4\ud589\uc911.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\ubbf8\uad6d \uc5f0\ubc29\uc9c0\ubc29\ubc95\uc6d0(Federal District Courts) \uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c FCA \uccad\uad6c\ub97c \uc2ec\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uad00\uc138 \ud68c\ud53c\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \uc0ac\uac74\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad00\ud560\uad8c\uc740 \uad6d\uc81c\ubb34\uc5ed\ubc95\uc6d0(Court of International Trade, CIT)\uc774 \uac16\uace0 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ubcf8 \uc0ac\uac74\uc758 \ud575\uc2ec \uc7c1\uc810\uc740 <strong>\uc5f0\ubc29 \ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 FCA\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574 \uad6d\uc81c\ubb34\uc5ed\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud558\ub358 \uad00\uc138\uad00\ub828 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uad00\ud560\uad8c\uc744 \ud589\uc0ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub0d0<\/strong>\ub294 \uac83\uc784.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ub9cc\uc57d \uc81c9\uc21c\ud68c\ud56d\uc18c\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 FCA\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uad00\uc138 \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\ud55c\ud558\ub294 \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \ub0b4\ub9b0\ub2e4\uba74<br \/>\n&#8211; \ubc95\ubb34\ubd80\uac00 FCA\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 \uad00\uc138\ubc95\uc744 \uc9d1\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc804\ub7b5\uc774 \ud0c0\uaca9\uc744 \uc785\uc744 \uac83\uc784.<br \/>\n&#8211; \ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790\uac00 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc9c0\ubc29\ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc \uad6d\uc81c\ubb34\uc5ed\ubc95\uc6d0(CIT)\uc5d0\uc11c\ub9cc \uc18c\uc1a1\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \ud310\ub840\uac00 \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.<\/li>\n<li>\ubc18\ub300\ub85c, \ubc95\uc6d0\uc774 FCA\ub97c \uc801\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74<br \/>\n&#8211; \ubb34\uc5ed \uad00\ub828 FCA \uc18c\uc1a1\uc774 \uae09\uc99d\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc74c.<br \/>\n&#8211; \ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790(whistleblower) \ubc0f \ubc95\ubb34\ubd80\ub294 \uae30\uc874 \uad00\uc138\ubc95\ubcf4\ub2e4 FCA\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uc81c\uc7ac\ub97c \uc120\ud638\ud560 \uac83\uc740 \ubb3c\ub860\uc774\uace0,<br \/>\n&#8211; \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc740 FCA \uc704\ubc18 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud06c\ub97c \ub354 \ud06c\uac8c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0 \ucc98\ud558\uac8c \ub420 \uac83\uc784.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc774 \uc0ac\uac74\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc815\ubd80\uc758 FCA \uc9d1\ud589\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uad00\uc138\uc815\ucc45\uc5d0 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubc29\ud5a5\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud560 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ub9dd\ub428.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\uc804\ub9dd \ubc0f \uc2dc\uc0ac\uc810<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>\ud2b8\ub7fc\ud504 \ud589\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uad00\uc138 \ubc0f FCA \uc9d1\ud589 \uac15\ud654 \uae30\uc870\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ub54c, \uae30\uc5c5\ub4e4\uc740 \uc790\uc0ac\uc758 \uad00\uc138 \uc900\uc218(compliance) \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uba74\ubc00\ud788 \uac80\ud1a0\ud558\uace0 \uac15\ud654\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\ud2b9\ud788 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc870\uce58\ub97c \ucde8\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\uc784.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ubb34\uc5ed \uc900\uc218 \uc815\ucc45 \ubc0f \uc808\ucc28 \uc7ac\ud3c9\uac00<\/li>\n<li>\uc8fc\uc694 \ubb34\uc5ed \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc815\ud655\uc131 \uc720\uc9c0 (\uc608: \uc6d0\uc0b0\uc9c0 \uc815\ubcf4, \uad00\uc138 \ubd84\ub958, \uc0c1\ud488 \uac00\uce58 \ud3c9\uac00)<\/li>\n<li>\uc138\uad00 \uc2e0\uace0\uc758 \uc815\ud655\uc131 \uc810\uac80<\/li>\n<li>FCA \uc18c\uc1a1 \ubc0f \uc870\uc0ac\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0, \ube44\uc900\uc218 \uae30\uc5c5\uc774 \uc2ec\uac01\ud55c \uc7ac\uc815\uc801\u00b7\uc6b4\uc601\uc801 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc744 \uacaa\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc74c\uc744 \uace0\ub824<\/li>\n<li>\ub0b4\ubd80\uace0\ubc1c\uc790\ub4e4\uc774 \uc678\ubd80 \uc18c\uc1a1(qui tam)\uc73c\ub85c \ubc14\ub85c \ub098\uac00\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub3c4\ub85d, \ub0b4\ubd80\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 &#8216;\uc900\uc218 \ubb38\ud654(compliance culture)&#8217; \uc870\uc131<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>(1\ub2ec\ub7ec=1450\uc6d0)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud2b8\ub7fc\ud504 \ud589\uc815\ubd80 2\uae30\uac00 \ucd9c\ubc94\ud55c \uc774\ud6c4 \uad00\uc138(Tariff)\uac00 \ud589\uc815\ubd80\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc815\ucc45 \ub3c4\uad6c\uac00 \ub420 \uac83\uc784\uc774 \ubd84\uba85\ud574\uc84c\uc74c. \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uad00\uc138 \uc815\ucc45\uc774 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ubc1c\ud718\ud558\ub824\uba74, \ubbf8\uad6d \uc138\uad00\uad6d\uacbd\ubcf4\ud638\uad6d(U.S. Customs and Border Protection, CBP)\uc774 \uc774\ub97c \uc801\uc808\ud788 \uc9d1\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc9d5\uc218\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4\uc57c \ud568. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5f0\ubc29 \ud5c8\uc704\uccad\uad6c\ubc95(False Claims Act, FCA)\uc774 \ubb34\uc5ed \uc9d1\ud589 \uc218\ub2e8\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc774 \ub192\uc544\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc74c. \uc2e0\uc784 \ubc95\ubb34\uc7a5\uad00 \ud338 \ubcf8\ub514(Pam Bondi)\ub294 \uc0c1\uc6d0 \uc778\uc900 \uccad\ubb38\ud68c\uc5d0\uc11c 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