  {"id":74720,"date":"2026-11-04T01:00:20","date_gmt":"2026-11-03T16:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/?p=74720"},"modified":"2026-10-29T19:25:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-29T10:25:04","slug":"%ec%a0%84%eb%af%b8%ea%b2%bd%ec%a0%9c%ec%97%b0%ea%b5%ac%ec%86%8c-%e7%be%8e-%ed%95%b4%ea%b5%b0%ec%9d%98-%ec%83%81%ec%84%a0-%eb%b3%b4%ed%98%b8%ea%b0%80-%eb%af%b8%ea%b5%ad-%ec%b4%9d%ec%83%9d%ec%82%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/?p=74720","title":{"rendered":"\uc804\ubbf8\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c &#8220;\u7f8e \ud574\uad70\uc758 \uc0c1\uc120 \ubcf4\ud638\uac00 \ubbf8\uad6d \ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub192\uc778\ub2e4&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3>| NBER, \uc11c\ubd80 \ud56d\ub9cc \ud63c\uc7a1\u00b7\ud64d\ud574 \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uaca9\uc774 \u7f8e \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc601\ud5a5 \ubd84\uc11d<br \/>\n| \ud64d\ud574 \uc0c1\uc120 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud3b8\uc775, \u7f8e \ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub300\ube44 \ucd5c\ub300 0.08% \uc0c1\ub2f9 \ucd94\uc815<br \/>\n| \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4, \uad00\uc138\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc218\uc785 \uac10\uc18c\uac00 \ud56d\ub85c \ud63c\uc7a1 \uc644\ud654\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\ub3c4 \uc81c\uc2dc<\/h3>\n<p><strong>&lt;\uac1c\uc694&gt;<\/strong><br \/>\n\ubbf8\uad6d \uc2f1\ud06c\ud0f1\ud06c \uc804\ubbf8\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c(NBER)\ub294 26\uc77c(\ud604\uc9c0\uc2dc\uac01) \ubbf8\uad6d\ud589 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc758 \ud63c\uc7a1\uacfc \ud56d\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud55c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nber.org\/papers\/w35808\">\uc5f0\uad6c\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub97c \ubc1c\ud45c<\/a>\ud588\uc74c. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 2021\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc11c\ubd80 \ud56d\ub9cc \uc704\uae30\uc640 2023~2024\ub144 \ud64d\ud574 \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \uac01\uac01 \ubbf8\uad6d \uacbd\uc81c \uc804\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uaddc\ubaa8(\ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0)\uc758 0.69%, 0.35%\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc190\uc2e4\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ud588\uc74c. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c\ub294 \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uae09\uc774 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4 \ud56d\ub9cc \ub300\uae30\uc640 \uc6b0\ud68c \uc6b4\ud56d\uc774 \uae38\uc5b4\uc9c0\uba74 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4\uace0 \uc9c0\uc801\ud588\uace0, \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub85c \ubcf4\ud638\uac00 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud53c\ud574\ub97c \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub41c\ub2e4\uace0 \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&lt;\uad6c\uccb4\uc801 \ub0b4\uc6a9&gt;<\/strong><br \/>\n\ubbf8\uad6d \uc2f1\ud06c\ud0f1\ud06c \uc804\ubbf8\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c(NBER)\ub294 \uc9c0\ub09c 26\uc77c \ubbf8\uad6d\ud589 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc758 \ud63c\uc7a1\uacfc \ud56d\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c &#8216;\ubbf8\uad6d\uc73c\ub85c \uc6b4\uc1a1\ud558\uae30(Shipping to America)&#8217;\ub97c \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\uc74c. \ubcf8 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\ub294 \uce6d\ud654\ub300\ud559\uad50(Tsinghua University)\uc758 \ubc14\uc774\uc2dc\uc6d0(Xiwen Bai), \ud39c\uc2e4\ubca0\uc774\ub2c8\uc544\ub300\ud559\uad50(University of Pennsylvania)\uc758 \ud5e4\uc218\uc2a4 \ud398\ub974\ub09c\ub370\uc2a4\ube44\uc57c\ubca0\ub974\ub370(Jes\u00fas Fern\u00e1ndez-Villaverde), \ubca0\uc774\uc9d5\ub300\ud559\uad50(Peking University)\uc758 \ub9ac\uc774\ub7c9(Yiliang Li), \uc138\uc778\ud2b8\ub8e8\uc774\uc2a4 \uc5f0\ubc29\uc900\ube44\uc740\ud589(Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis)\uc758 \ub9ac\uce74\ub974\ub3c4 \ub9c8\ub974\ud1a0(Ricardo Marto), \uc625\uc2a4\ud37c\ub4dc\ub300\ud559\uad50(University of Oxford)\uc758 \ud504\ub780\uccb4\uc2a4\ucf54 \uc790\ub124\ud2f0(Francesco Zanetti)\uac00 \ucc38\uc5ec\ud588\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub294 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc758 \ud63c\uc7a1\uacfc \ud56d\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \ubbf8\uad6d \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc815\ub7c9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uc74c. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 2016\ub144 1\uc6d4\ubd80\ud130 2025\ub144 3\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc120\ubc15\uc790\ub3d9\uc2dd\ubcc4\uc7a5\uce58(AIS) \uc790\ub8cc\uc640 \ud574\uc6b4 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574 \ubbf8\uad6d\ud589 \ucee8\ud14c\uc774\ub108\uc120\uc758 \uc6b4\ud56d \uacbd\ub85c\uc640 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud588\uc74c. \ubd84\uc11d \ub300\uc0c1\uc740 \ucd1d 5\ub9cc8582\uac74\uc758 \ud56d\ud574 \uae30\ub85d\uacfc 6\uac1c \uc8fc\uc694 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uacbd\ub85c\ub85c, \ubbf8\uad6d \ucee8\ud14c\uc774\ub108 \uc218\uc785\uc758 \uc57d 80~90%\ub97c \ud3ec\uad04\ud568.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 \uc120\ubc15\uc758 \uc801\uc7ac \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud569\uc0b0\ud55c &#8216;\uc7a0\uc7ac \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825&#8217;\uacfc \uc2e4\uc81c \ud56d\ud574 \uc2dc\uac04, \ud56d\ub9cc \ub300\uae30, \uc6b0\ud68c \uc6b4\ud56d \ub4f1\uc744 \ubc18\uc601\ud55c &#8216;\uc2e4\ud6a8 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825&#8217;\uc744 \uad6c\ubd84\ud588\uc74c. \uc120\ubc15\uc774 \ub9ce\uc544\uc838\ub3c4 \ud56d\ub9cc\uc5d0 \uc7a5\uae30\uac04 \uc815\ubc15\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc6b4\ud56d \uac70\ub9ac\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub098\uba74 \uac19\uc740 \uae30\uac04\uc5d0 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud654\ubb3c\ub7c9\uc740 \uac10\uc18c\ud558\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc784. \ud2b9\uc815 \ud56d\ub85c\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ud63c\uc7a1\uc774 \uc120\ubc15 \uc7ac\ubc30\uce58\ub97c \uc720\ubc1c\ud558\uace0 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud56d\ub85c\uc758 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uc5ec\uac74\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uacbd\uc81c\ubaa8\ud615\uc5d0 \ubc18\uc601\ud588\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>2021\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc11c\ubd80 \ud56d\ub9cc \uc704\uae30\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub69c\ub837\ud558\uac8c \ub098\ud0c0\ub09c \uc0ac\ub840\uc784. \ucf54\ub85c\ub09819 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc774\ud6c4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc0c1\ud488 \uc218\uc785 \uc218\uc694\uac00 \uae09\uc99d\ud558\uba74\uc11c \ub85c\uc2a4\uc564\uc824\ub808\uc2a4\ud56d\uacfc \ub871\ube44\uce58\ud56d\uc5d0 \ucee8\ud14c\uc774\ub108\uc120\uc774 \ubab0\ub838\uc74c. \uc77c\ubd80 \uc120\ubc15\uc758 \ud56d\ub9cc \ub300\uae30 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 60\uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ub118\uc5c8\uace0, \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc5d0\uc11c \ubbf8\uad6d \uc11c\ubd80\ub85c \ud5a5\ud558\ub294 \uc120\ubc15\uc758 \uc6b4\ud56d \uc18d\ub3c4\ub3c4 \uc57d 16\ub178\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c 10\ub178\ud2b8 \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc6b4\uc1a1 \ucc28\uc9c8\uc5d0 \ub300\uc751\ud574 \ud574\uc6b4\uc5c5\uacc4\uac00 \uc120\ubc15\uc744 \ucd94\uac00 \ud22c\uc785\ud588\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ud6a8\uc728\uc740 \uac1c\uc120\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\uc74c. \ubbf8\uad6d\ud589 \uc120\ubc15\uc758 \uc7a0\uc7ac \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825\uc740 2022\ub144 1\uc6d4\uae4c\uc9c0 3000\ub9cc\ud1a4\uc5d0\uc11c 4800\ub9cc\ud1a4\uc73c\ub85c 60% \uc774\uc0c1 \uc99d\uac00\ud588\uc73c\ub098, \uc804\uccb4 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub960\uc740 \uc57d 89%\uc5d0\uc11c 70% \ubbf8\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub77d\ud588\uc74c. \uc544\uc2dc\uc544~\ubbf8\uad6d \uc11c\ubd80 \ud56d\ub85c\uc758 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub960\uc740 \uc57d 92%\uc5d0\uc11c 53%\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc84c\uc74c. \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uae09 \ud655\ub300\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \ud56d\ub9cc \ubcd1\ubaa9\ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub835\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\uc784.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 2021\ub144 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544~\ubbf8\uad6d \uc11c\ubd80 \ud56d\ub85c\uc758 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ud6a8\uc728\uc774 \ud32c\ub370\ubbf9 \uc774\uc804 \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \uc720\uc9c0\ub410\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0\ub97c \uac00\uc815\ud574 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud53c\ud574\ub97c \ucd94\uc815\ud588\uc74c. \ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc, \ud56d\ub9cc \ud63c\uc7a1\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 2021\ub144 12\uc6d4 \uc2e4\ud6a8 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c 3320\ub9cc \ud1a4\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub9ce\uc740 5320\ub9cc \ud1a4\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\uc74c. \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uac00\uaca9\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c\ubcf4\ub2e4 31.2%, \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc0b0 \uc218\uc785\ud488\uc758 \uc18c\ub9e4\uac00\uaca9\uc740 23.3% \ub0ae\uc544\uc84c\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ud588\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac00\uaca9 \ucc28\uc774\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc804\uccb4 \ubb3c\uac00\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\uc74c. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 \ud56d\ub9cc \uc704\uae30\uac00 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 2021\ub144 12\uc6d4 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc804\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubb3c\uac00 \uc218\uc900\uc774 \uc2e4\uc81c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc57d 1.1% \ub0ae\uc558\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uc74c. \ud574\ub2f9 \uc2dc\uc810\uc758 \uc18c\ube44\uc790\ubb3c\uac00 \uc0c1\uc2b9\ub960\ub3c4 \uc2e4\uc81c 7.2%\uc5d0\uc11c 6.1% \uc218\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ub0ae\uc544\uc84c\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ud588\uc74c. \uc774\ub97c \uc18c\ube44\uc790 \ud6c4\uc0dd \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ud658\uc0b0\ud55c \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc190\uc2e4\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d \ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub300\ube44 \uc57d 0.69% \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc73c\ub85c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud588\uc74c. \uc774\ub294 \uc2e4\uc81c \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc0dd\uc0b0\ub7c9\uc774 0.69% \uac10\uc18c\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ucc28\uc9c8\ub85c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \ud6c4\uc0dd \uc190\uc2e4\uc744 \uacbd\uc81c \uc804\uccb4 \uc0dd\uc0b0 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc640 \ube44\uad50\ud574 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8 \ucd94\uc815\uce58\uc784.<\/p>\n<p>2023\ub144 \ub9d0\ubd80\ud130 \uc774\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ud64d\ud574 \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uaca9\ub3c4 \ubbf8\uad6d\ud589 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc5d0 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \ubd80\ub2f4\uc744 \uc92c\uc74c. \uc608\uba58\uc758 \ud6c4\ud2f0 \ubc18\uad70\uc774 \ud64d\ud574\ub97c \ud1b5\uacfc\ud558\ub294 \uc0c1\uc120\uc744 \uacf5\uaca9\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc120\ubc15\ub4e4\uc774 \uc218\uc5d0\uc988\uc6b4\ud558 \ub300\uc2e0 \uc544\ud504\ub9ac\uce74 \ub0a8\ub2e8\uc758 \ud76c\ub9dd\ubd09\uc744 \uacbd\uc720\ud558\uae30 \uc2dc\uc791\ud588\uc74c. \uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud56d\ud574 \uac70\ub9ac\uac00 \ub298\uace0 \uc120\ubc15 \ud55c \ucc99\uc774 \uc6b4\uc1a1\uc744 \ub9c8\uce58\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc2dc\uac04\ub3c4 \uae38\uc5b4\uc84c\uc74c. \uae30\uc874 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub7c9\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub824\uba74 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc120\ubc15\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud574\uc9c0\ub294 \uad6c\uc870\uc784.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 \ud64d\ud574 \uc0ac\ud0dc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc6b0\ud68c \uc6b4\ud56d\uc774 2024\ub144 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544~\ubbf8\uad6d \ub3d9\ubd80 \ud56d\ub85c\uc758 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825 \uc57d 25%, \uc911\ub3d9~\ubbf8\uad6d \ub3d9\ubd80 \ud56d\ub85c\uc758 \uc57d 36%\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ub85c \uc18c\ubaa8\ud55c \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uc74c. \uc774\ub294 \uc120\ubc15\uc774 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \ud654\ubb3c\uc744 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ud588\ub2e4\ub294 \ub73b\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uac70\ub9ac\uac00 \uae38\uc5b4\uc9c0\uba74\uc11c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ubb3c\ub3d9\ub7c9\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc120\ubc15 \uc790\uc6d0\uc774 \ud22c\uc785\ub410\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\uc784.<\/p>\n<p>\ud64d\ud574 \uacf5\uaca9\uc774 \uc5c6\uc5c8\ub2e4\uba74 2024\ub144 5\uc6d4 \uc544\uc2dc\uc544~\ubbf8\uad6d \ub3d9\ubd80 \ud56d\ub85c\uc758 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub960\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c 59.4%\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub192\uc740 85.7%\uc5d0 \ub2ec\ud588\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ud588\uc74c. \uc544\uc2dc\uc544\uc0b0 \uc218\uc785\ud488\uc758 \uc18c\ub9e4\uac00\uaca9\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c\ubcf4\ub2e4 9.6%, \uc911\ub3d9\uc0b0 \uc218\uc785\ud488\uc740 24.6% \ub0ae\uc544\uc84c\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uc74c. \ubbf8\uad6d \uc804\uccb4 \ubb3c\uac00 \uc218\uc900\ub3c4 \uc57d 0.3% \ub0ae\uc544\uc84c\uc744 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\uc74c. \ud64d\ud574 \uacf5\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud55c \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc190\uc2e4\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d \ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub300\ube44 \uc57d 0.35% \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ub410\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 \ud64d\ud574 \uc0c1\uc120\uc744 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud574\uad70\uc758 \uad70\uc0ac \ud65c\ub3d9\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud0c0\ub2f9\ud55c\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uc74c. \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uaca9\uc744 \uc5b5\uc81c\ud558\uace0 \uae30\uc874 \ud56d\ub85c\uc758 \uc774\uc6a9\uc744 \ud68c\ubcf5\ud558\uba74 \uc6b0\ud68c \uc6b4\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ube44\uc6a9\uacfc \uc218\uc785\ud488 \uac00\uaca9 \uc0c1\uc2b9\uc744 \uc904\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ud310\ub2e8\uc784.<\/p>\n<p>\ubd84\uc11d \uacb0\uacfc, \uc0c1\uc120 \ubcf4\ud638 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud3b8\uc775\uc740 \ubbf8\uad6d \ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub300\ube44 \uc57d 0.04~0.08% \uc0c1\ub2f9\uc73c\ub85c \ucd94\uc815\ub410\uc74c. \uc774\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uc2dc\ud55c \uad6d\ub0b4\ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0(GDP) \ub300\ube44 \uc57d 0.02% \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc7ac\uc815 \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc6c3\ub3c4\ub294 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc784. \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub85c \ubcf4\ud638\uac00 \uad70\uc0ac\u00b7\uc548\ubcf4 \ucc28\uc6d0\uc744 \ub118\uc5b4 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc774\uc775\uc744 \uac00\uc838\uc62c \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uc124\uba85\uc784.<\/p>\n<p>\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub294 \uad00\uc138\uc815\ucc45\uacfc \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd \ud63c\uc7a1\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub3c4 \ubd84\uc11d\ud588\uc74c. \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\uc138\ub294 \uc218\uc785\ud488 \uac00\uaca9\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0 \uad50\uc5ed\uc744 \uc704\ucd95\uc2dc\ucf1c \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc190\uc2e4\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud2b9\uc815 \ud56d\ub85c\uac00 \uc2ec\ud558\uac8c \ud63c\uc7a1\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc218\uc785 \uc218\uc694 \uac10\uc18c\uac00 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ubd80\ub2f4\uc744 \uc904\uc774\ub294 \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p>\uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 2025\ub144 3\uc6d4\uc744 \uae30\uc900\uc73c\ub85c \ud55c \ubaa8\ud615 \ubd84\uc11d\uc5d0\uc11c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud63c\uc7a1 \uc644\ud654 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uad00\uc138\uc758 \ud1b5\uc0c1\uc801\uc778 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc77c\ubd80 \uc0c1\uc1c4\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc870\uac74\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \ub118\uc5b4\uc124 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \uc81c\uc2dc\ud588\uc74c. \ub2e4\ub9cc \uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc2dc\uc810\uc758 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \uc5ec\uac74\uacfc \ubaa8\ud615 \uac00\uc815\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c, \uad00\uc138\uac00 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc774\ub86d\ub2e4\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8\ub294 \uc544\ub2d8.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ubc88 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \ub54c \uc120\ubc15 \uc218\ub098 \uba85\ubaa9\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ub2a5\ub825\ub9cc \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubd10\uc11c\ub294 \uc548 \ub41c\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc92c\uc74c. \ud56d\ub9cc \ub300\uae30 \uc2dc\uac04, \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\ud56d \uc18d\ub3c4, \ud56d\ub85c\ubcc4 \ud63c\uc7a1\ub3c4\uc640 \uc6b0\ud68c \uc6b4\ud56d\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \ucd94\uac00 \uc18c\uc694 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ubb3c\ub958 \ucc28\uc9c8\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \uc815\ud655\ud788 \ud30c\uc545\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \ubd84\uc11d\uc784. \ud2b9\ud788 \ud64d\ud574\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc8fc\uc694 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub85c\uc758 \uc548\ubcf4 \uc704\ud611\uc740 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc9c0\uc5ed\uc5d0 \uad6d\ud55c\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0 \uad6d\uc81c \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc744 \uac70\uccd0 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc218\uc785\ubb3c\uac00\uc640 \uc18c\ube44\uc790 \ud6c4\uc0dd\uc5d0 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0ac\uc74c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&lt;\uc2dc\uc0ac\uc810&gt;<\/strong><br \/>\n\uc774\ubc88 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub294 \ud574\uc0c1 \ubb3c\ub958\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud53c\ud574\uac00 \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uae09\ub7c9\uc774\ub098 \uad50\uc5ed \uaddc\ubaa8\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc6b4\uc1a1 \ud6a8\uc728\uacfc \ud56d\ub85c \uac04 \ud63c\uc7a1\uc758 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \ubc1b\ub294\ub2e4\ub294 \uc810\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90c. \ud2b9\ud788 \ud64d\ud574 \uc0c1\uc120 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud3b8\uc775\uc774 \uc7ac\uc815 \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc6c3\ub3c8\ub2e4\ub294 \ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc548\ubcf4 \ud655\ubcf4\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \uac00\uce58\ub97c \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ud568. \uad00\uc138 \uc5ed\uc2dc \ud63c\uc7a1 \uc644\ud654 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc608\uc0c1\uacfc \ub2e4\ub978 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4, \ubb34\uc5ed\u00b7\uc548\ubcf4\uc815\ucc45 \ud3c9\uac00\uc5d0 \ud574\uc6b4\ub9dd \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \ubc18\uc601\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc74c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>| NBER, \uc11c\ubd80 \ud56d\ub9cc \ud63c\uc7a1\u00b7\ud64d\ud574 \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uaca9\uc774 \u7f8e \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce5c \uc601\ud5a5 \ubd84\uc11d | \ud64d\ud574 \uc0c1\uc120 \ubcf4\ud638\uc758 \uacbd\uc81c\uc801 \ud3b8\uc775, \u7f8e \ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub300\ube44 \ucd5c\ub300 0.08% \uc0c1\ub2f9 \ucd94\uc815 | \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4, \uad00\uc138\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc218\uc785 \uac10\uc18c\uac00 \ud56d\ub85c \ud63c\uc7a1 \uc644\ud654\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\ub3c4 \uc81c\uc2dc &lt;\uac1c\uc694&gt; \ubbf8\uad6d \uc2f1\ud06c\ud0f1\ud06c \uc804\ubbf8\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c(NBER)\ub294 26\uc77c(\ud604\uc9c0\uc2dc\uac01) \ubbf8\uad6d\ud589 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc758 \ud63c\uc7a1\uacfc \ud56d\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub97c \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\uc74c. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 2021\ub144 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":98,"featured_media":54527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,70,612,609],"tags":[13974,1217,1320,58,385,3295,1959],"class_list":{"0":"post-74720","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-sanction","8":"category-main-topic","9":"category-usa","10":"category-analysis","11":"tag-nber","12":"tag-1217","13":"tag-1320","14":"tag-58","15":"tag-385","16":"tag-3295","17":"tag-1959"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\uc804\ubbf8\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c &quot;\u7f8e \ud574\uad70\uc758 \uc0c1\uc120 \ubcf4\ud638\uac00 \ubbf8\uad6d \ucd1d\uc0dd\uc0b0 \ub192\uc778\ub2e4&quot; SanctionLab<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\ubbf8\uad6d \uc2f1\ud06c\ud0f1\ud06c \uc804\ubbf8\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c(NBER)\ub294 26\uc77c(\ud604\uc9c0\uc2dc\uac01) \ubbf8\uad6d\ud589 \ud574\uc0c1 \uc6b4\uc1a1\ub9dd\uc758 \ud63c\uc7a1\uacfc \ud56d\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\uc774 \uacbd\uc81c\uc5d0 \ubbf8\uce58\ub294 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubd84\uc11d\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub97c \ubc1c\ud45c\ud588\uc74c. \uc5f0\uad6c\uc9c4\uc740 2021\ub144 \ubbf8\uad6d \uc11c\ubd80 \ud56d\ub9cc \uc704\uae30\uc640 2023~2024\ub144 \ud64d\ud574 \uc120\ubc15 \uacf5\uaca9\uc73c\ub85c...\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sanctionlab.com\/?p=74720\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\uc804\ubbf8\uacbd\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c &quot;\u7f8e 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